Giulio Cesare Procaccini (1574 - 1625) was an Italian painter and sculptor of the early Baroque era in Milan.
Born in Bologna Born in Bologna in 1574, the fifth son of the painter Ercole Procaccini, the Elder and brother of Camillo and Carlo Antonio, both painters, moved to 11 years with the family in Milan, starting to work in the 1590's at the Duomo factory in Milan. It came from a dynasty of painters, who in Bologna had been an alternative to the Carracci . When the latter's role becomes dominant in Bologna, the Procaccini move to Milan, a city that in the counter-revolutionary climate set by Federico Borromeo had become a center for the elaboration of new forms in the field of figurative arts.
The family moved to Milan around 1585 with the help of the rich art collector Pirro Visconti.
Julius Caesar debuts in the field of art as a sculptor, and in his first phase are various works in Santa Maria dei Miracoli in Milan (Angeli reggicorona for the statue of Our Lady of Miracles of Annibale Fontana). Toward the 1600s, painting was passed; the reason for this change is unknown; Many tend to attribute it to a training trip to Rome, Venice and Parma, or to a study stay in Parma at the beginning of the seventeenth century, which would have profoundly altered the initial Lombard aspiration of style. His first pictorial companies are the blades with the Pietà and the Martyrdom of Nazaros and Celso in the Church of Santa Maria in San Celso, a Madonna of the Rosary with the Child, Saint Francis, Saint Dominic and angels for the Archbishop's Shrine of the Blessed Virgin of Miracles Corbetta and the canvases for the Court of Provisions, now held at the Pinacoteca del Castello Sforzesco, in which is evident the characteristic style of Late Lombard manierism of Cerano and his brother Camillo.
He began as a sculptor in the Cathedral and in the Milanese church of Santa Maria presso San Celso. In 1610 he painted six of the Quadroni, large canvases celebrating Saint Charles Borromeo.
In his subsequent works, the influence of important Emilian artists such as Correggio or Parmigianino, as well as the vigorous suggestions of Rubens's art, becomes increasingly apparent. In particular, this evolution can be seen in the prestigious commissions following 1610, such as the telegrams for the series of Quadroni for the Duomo of Milan with the facts of the life of Blessed Carlo Borromeo, the works for the Acerbi Chapel in Sant'Antonio abate, and The famous Mystical Marriage of St. Catherine of Brera. With these works he imposes himself as an eminent figure in the pictorial landscape of Milan together with Cerano.
Among his many altarpieces are the Circumcision now in Galleria Estense, Modena (c.1616) and the Last Supper (1616) for Convent associated with the Basilica della Santissima Annunziata del Vastato in Genoa. He also painted the Scourging of Christ.
In 1619, together with his brother Camillo, worked in Turin for the principles of the Savoy family. His Genoese stay was also important. Among other works he performs the Last Supper for the Most Holy Annunziata del Vastato (painted in the counterfaced), of which the sketch is also important because of the influence it has had with local painters (starting with Strozzi) for His way of shaking the brushstroke.
He worked with Giovanni Battista Crespi (il Cerano) and Pier Francesco Mazzucchelli (il Morazzone) following the directions of Cardinal Federico Borromeo, patron of the arts and cousin of Charles Borromeo. He also painted small religious canvases for rich families, in Milan and in Genoa, where he saw the works of Rubens.
The style of his latest works, apparently those painted after 1620, loses that atmospheric elegance that has characterized him to become more and more sculptural and manieristic, as we can see, for example, in the Cain killing Abele of 1623 (Torino, Pinacoteca Albertina) . Along with Cerano and Morazzone, with which he has signed the famous Quadro of the Three Hands, Giulio Cesare Procaccini is one of the most important Lombard artists of the first half of the seventeenth century.
His last painting, the Self Portrait depicted in 1624 and now preserved at Brera's Pinacoteca, is a masterpiece of intense and melancholic expressiveness, which highlights the whole work. At age 50, the artist appears prematurely aged.
He died the following year in Milan on November 14, 1625.
http://hisour.com/artist/giulio-cesare-procaccini/
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