Ferrovitreous

Ferro (iron) and vitreous (glass) construction combined the use of glass and iron in the eighteenth century and can be seen developing as early as the seventeenth century. Popularized during the industrial revolution as iron and steel production became more common throughout Europe and frequently utilized in world exhibitions. Notable examples include Paxton's Crystal Palace, the Palm House at Kew Gardens, and the Coal Exchange.

Architecture of glass and iron, are denominations of a constructive technique and architectural style typical of the Industrial Revolution , which was popularized through railway architecture , commercial galleries and covered markets , 1 and the great pavilions of the universal exhibitions of the second half of the 19th century.

It obtained a great social acceptance in Victorian England from the Crystal Palace ( Joseph Paxton , 1851). Paxton had experienced the use of these materials in the construction of the great greenhouse at Chatsworth House (1837-1840), which impressed Queen Victoria and was imitated at the Palm House of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew (architect Decimus Burton). and founder Richard Turner, 1841-1849). Previously, an iron and glass dome 18 meters in diameter had been erected on the London Coal Exchange (James Bunstone Bunning, 1847-1849). There are previous precedents. 8 Between 1843 and 1846, the transparent cover of the Goldoni Theater (Livorno) , by Giuseppe Cappellini, was built in Italy.

20th century
The massive use of steel both for structures ( Steel Framing ) and for visible elements and a glazed exterior "skin" ( curtain wall or " curtain wall ") is characteristic of the functionalist architecture and skyscrapers of the Modern Movement and the second school of Chicago ( Mies van der Rohe ), from the second third of the twentieth century (more recently, the systems of external enclosure with double-skin facade or ventilated façade ).

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