Sami Efendi

Sami Efendi (1837 - 1912), was an Ottoman calligrapher. The Tughra found its definitive shape in the era of Abdulhamid II in the hands of Sami Efendi.

Born in Istanbul on March 13, 1838, the father of Sami Efendi was the Holy Qur'an, Hadji Mahmud Efendi. So he signed his first articles "Yorganizade". Divan-i Humayun, was found in the fiefs of Finance and Engagement Kalemi, and gave lectures in Divan-i Humayun and Enderun Mektebi, as well as the official positions in Babıali.

Sami Efendi has given important works in many writings. From the Bosniak Osman Efendi, the Thuluth-Naskh texts, from the Recai Efendi, the ta'liqi first learned from Ali Haydar Bey, then from the Divaniyi Nasih Efendi, the Rik'ayı Mümtaz Efendi, after Kıbrısizade İsmail Efendi. The celeb writers have shown their greatest talent. As he wrote his writings, he went over and over again to make arrangements, and he struggled to bring them with the most beautiful. It is said that Mustafa Altim, the celi supposed to be in the sources, adopted and developed the attitude of Yesarizade in the celi nesta. Mostly, the celical fonts he wrote on black paper were processed with gold by Hüsnü, Nureddin and Baha Efendiler. His works are in Altunizade, Cihangir mosques, museums, private collections. Apart from these, the Grand Bazaar doors, Babıali Nallı Mescid, Şehzade, Erenköy Zihni Paşa and Galip Paşa mosques are the important works of Sami Efendi, the book of the Yeni Cami Çeşme and Sebili.

Among the students who have been trained are Nazif Bey, Tuğrakeş Ismail, Altinbezer, Ferid Bey, Hulusi, Hasan Rıza, Kamil Akdik, Ömer Vasfi, Aziz Rifai, Necmeddin Okyay, Neyzen Emin Efendi, Feyhaman Bey, Elmalılı Hamdi, Ahmed Ziya Bey, Abdulkadir Kadri Efendi .

Sami Efendi and thuluth, ta'lik and celi writings suitable for Ottoman Turkish taste are considered to have completed their formation in the historical course.

Sami Efendi died on July 2, 1912. Kabri is located in Fatih Cami Haziresi.

The rift took place in the line of the third and the transcription of Osman Yoshnaq Effendi and in the obvious third of Rajai Effendi and in the commentary on Ismail Hakizadeh the Cypriot and then on Khairuddin Effendi.

He was developed from the manner of Mustafa in the clear third and in the Sharazadah in the clear commentary and became the imam of the calligraphers. The arsenic molds he brought with arsenic on black paper were mostly gilded by Hosny Effendi and Nour Effendi. Its unique monuments are located in the Al-Koni Zadeh Mosque, Jahan Kair Mosque, museums and private libraries.

He worked as a professor of fonts at the Androni School after he worked as a writer in the Hamayouni Diwan and as the agent of the royal pen.

Among his students: Nazif Beek, Tufrakher Hakki, Farid Bek Khallous, Hassan Reda, Kamel Akdik, Aziz Wasfi, Omar Wasfi, Najmuddin Akayani.
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