Miquel Blay

Miguel Blay y Fàbregas (in Olot, October 1866 - Madrid, January 22, 1936) was a Spanish sculptor.

Miquel Blay i Fàbregas fou un escultor català. Format a Olot, a París i a Roma, destacà aviat per les seves obres d'un realisme idealista que aniria decantant-se cap al modernisme. Dins aquesta estètica realitzà les seves obres més conegudes que el convertiren en un dels escultors més representatius d'aquest moviment. L'any 1906 s'establí a Madrid on, en contacte amb l'art oficial, la seva obra fou absorbida per un realisme conservador. Conreà el retrat, l'estatuària religiosa i realitzà nombrosos monuments a l'Estat espanyol i a Amèrica del Sud. Alternà el seu treball amb l'ensenyament artístic.

Blay was born in the city of Olot, in the province of Girona to a humble family. He begins his formal education in the Municipal Drawing School and the studio of El Arte Cristiano where he was a disciple of Josep Berga i Boix and the painter Joaquim Vayreda. In the studio of El Arte Cristiano he drew and painted various Christian pieces. At the end of 1888, he receives a grant from the provincial government of Girona to study in Paris.

In Paris he studied at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts and at the Academie Julian under the sculptor Henri Chapu, whom Blay credits to having a large influence on his sculpture. Blay leaves Paris for a few months to study in Rome and return to Olot. In 1890 he wins a gold medal in the Universal Exhibition in Paris and the following year is named knight of the French Legion of Honor. In 1892, Blay competes in the National Exposition of Fine Arts and wins first prize for his work Los primeros fríos. The piece was also awarded a gold medal in Barcelona in 1894.

In 1906 Blay moves to Madrid, the city in which he resides until his death. In 1908, he wins the medal of honor at the National Exhibition of Fine Arts in Madrid for his work Eclosion, for which he had won a great diploma of honor in Barcelona the year before. In 1909 he is selected as member of the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. From this year on, he becomes a professor at the Special School of Fine Arts in Madrid. From 1925 to 1932 he becomes the director of the Academy of Fine Art in Rome.

Blay died in Madrid on January 22, 1936 seven days after a stroke.

Los primeros fríos: There are two versions of this piece, one in marble and one in bronze. The marble version can be found at the MNAC in Barcelona, while a bronze version can be found at the Museo Regional de la Garrocha, in Olot. The two versions mark two different periods of his sculpture. The marble version is idealistic, focusing on the contrast in detail between the wrinkled skin of the old man and the smooth, tight skin of the young girl. The bronze version is more influenced by the works of Rodin, and is a synthesis of realism as well as the emotion evoked by the two characters. Its modernist technique influenced an entire generation of Catalan sculptors.

La canción popular catalana: In 1905, Blay was approached by Modernist architect Lluis Domènech i Montaner to create a group of sculptures for the facade of El Palau de Musica Catalana, a concert hall in Barcelona. The building is known for its Art Nouveau style and is made up of a mix of glass, metalwork, sculpture, and ceramic mosaics. Miguel Blay created a group of sculptures titled “La canción popular catalana” (The Catalan Folk Song) for the facade of the building. The sculptures depict different characters of varying social classes: children, peasants, sailors, etc. In the center, there is a female figure that represents the Catalan song. Above her the patron saint of Barcelona, Sant Jordi, stands holding a sword, protecting her and the other sculptures. It is said to show that people of all classes can enjoy the traditional Catalan music.
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